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§ data & tools · No. M 078
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§ materials · No. 078

AlFe₃K₄O₈

iron oxide ceramic · structural ceramic

Al1Fe3K4O8 is a iron oxide ceramic suitable as structural-ceramic. Color: amber-brown. Fired at 1100°C from 3 precursors (K2CO3, Fe2O3, Al2O3). Workshop batch: 1000g at €8.91. Compressive strength ~100 MPa; estimated 0.79 kg CO₂/kg (+258% vs clay brick). Notable: visible absorber. Confidence: high.

Rendered sample plate of AlFe₃K₄O₈
AlFe₃K₄O₈ · rendered sample plate, 85x85x46 mm · Generative Matter V3 · not a photograph
forms at
1100 °C · high-fire
replaces
clay brick
CO₂
258% higher than clay brick (0.79 vs 0.22 kg CO₂/kg; 3.6× higher)
energy
75% higher than clay brick (5.25 vs 3.00 MJ/kg; 1.8× higher)
compressive
100 MPa
density
3.00 g/cm³
crystal
triclinic
band gap
2.37 eV
cost
€8.91/kg · €8.91 / 1000 g batch
confidence
high (synthesis route)
potential
0.41 · env 0.00 · novel 0.46 · struct 0.30 · lineage 1.00 · supply 0.68
flags
visible absorber: A real-colour solar-gain control layer. Where the body takes visible light into itself rather than reflecting it, the material becomes a selective heat collector — useful on thermal-mass walls, absorber panels, and warm-toned cladding.

Architectural potential

The architectural argument for this iron-potassium oxide shifts away from structural brickwork and into warm-toned solar-collector cladding. At a hundred megapascals and two-and-a-half times the embodied CO₂ of clay brick, using it for bulk wall construction is the wrong specification — the saturated iron-amber body colour and the visible-wavelength absorption are what pay for the CO₂ premium. The natural places are trombe-wall face plates behind glazing, where a warm golden body captures daytime solar gain and releases it slowly after dark; south-facing façade-accent tiles on otherwise-neutral thermal walls; and interior thermal-mass surrounds to stoves and rocket-mass heaters where the body reads hot even when it is cold. The potassium flux brings the skin close to a partial glaze, which gives the surface enough weather resistance for exterior use without the additional embodied cost of a separate glaze fire. The caveat is volume: at 258 % of clay-brick embodied CO₂ and an energy overhead of 75 %, this is a specification for the active-absorber slivers of a façade, not for the background brick work behind them.

Material character

The face reads a warm golden amber with iron-red undertones coming through most clearly under raking light; overhead, the hue resolves toward gold. Aluminium in the host tempers the iron saturation slightly so the body is neither as vermilion as pure ferric nor as brown as manganese-doped cousins. The potassium flux pulls the 1100 °C fire into the partial-glaze zone — the skin is denser, shinier and more vitrified than the un-fluxed family baseline, without crossing fully into melt. Edges cold-cut, kerf-whitened. At 3.01 g/cm³ the slab is slightly lighter than a comparable clay-brick body of the same footprint, a surprise in hand.

recipe

Recipe

1000 g batch · peak 1100 °C
elementprecursorformulamasssafety
Alcalcined aluminaAl2O38.99 gsafe
Feiron(III) oxide (red)Fe2O342.25 gsafe
Kpotassium carbonate / potashK2CO348.76 gsafe
schedule
  • 1Ramp
  • 2Hold
  • 3Ramp
  • 4Hold
  • 6Ramp
  • 7Hold
watch for

Visible absorber — saturated color from bandgap in the visible range

Recipes are synthesis protocols for trained workshop use, with the full procedure, curves, and safety notes in the Recipe Atlas. Firing schedules are best estimates: the first firing of any composition is an experiment, not a production run.